A thermoplastic, kana thermosoftening plastic, ipurasitiki zvinhu, polymer, inochinjika kana kuumbwa pamusoro petembiricha chaiyo uye inoomesa pakutonhora.
Mazhinji thermoplastics ane huremu hwemamorekuru.Iyo polymer cheni inobatana kuburikidza ne intermolecular masimba, ayo anopera simba nekukurumidza nekuwedzera tembiricha, achiburitsa viscous fluid.Nekudaro, thermoplastics inogona kuumbwa patsva nekudziya uye inowanzo shandiswa kugadzira zvikamu neakasiyana mapolymer maitiro ekugadzirisa senge jekiseni rekugadzira, kuomesa kuumba, calendering, uye extrusion.Thermoplastics inosiyana kubva kune thermosetting polymers, iyo inoumba isingadzokerikekemikari zvisungo panguva yekurapa.Thermosets hainyunguduki kana ichipisa: inoora uye haigadzirise pakutonhora.
Acrylic:Acrylic, polymer inonzi poly (PMMA), inozivikanwa zvakare nemazita ekutengesa akadai saLucite, Perspex uye Plexiglas.Inoshanda sechitsividzo chakasimba chegirazi chezvinhu zvakaita semvura, mavhairasi engowani yemudhudhudhu, mahwindo endege, madhiri ekuona epasi pemvura, uye malenzi emarambi ekunze emotokari.Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuita zviratidzo, kusanganisira mavara uye logos.Mumushonga, inoshandiswa mupfupa simende uye kutsiva lenzi dzemaziso.Acrylic pendi ine PMMA zvimedu zvakamiswa mumvura.
ABS:Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is terpolymer synthesized kubva ku styrene uye acrylonitrile pamberi pe polybutadiene.ABS chinhu chakareruka-huremu chinoratidza kukwirira kwemaitiro kuramba uye kuoma kwemakanika.Inoisa njodzi shoma kuhutano hwevanhu pasi pekubata kwakajairika.Inoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvevatengi, sematoyi, midziyo yemagetsi, uye nhare.
Naironi:Nylon ndeyekirasi yemapolymers anonzi polyamides.Yakashanda sechinotsiva kunyanya hemp, donje uye sirika, mune zvigadzirwa zvakaita separachute, tambo, maseiri, flak vests uye zvipfeko zvevakadzi.Nylon faibha dzinobatsira mukugadzira machira, tambo, makapeti uye tambo dzemimhanzi, nepo mune yakawanda fomu, Nylon inoshandiswa kune mechaniki zvikamu zvinosanganisira muchina screws, giya uye simba rekushandisa casings.Mukuwedzera, inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinopisa zvinopisa zvinosanganiswa.
PLA:Polylactic acid (polylactide) inonzi biodegradable thermoplastic aliphatic polyester inotorwa kubva kune zvinogonekazve, sechibage starch (muUnited States), tapioca midzi, machipisi kana starch (kunyanya muAsia), kana nzimbe.Icho chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshandiswa pakudhinda kwe3D nefused deposition modeling (FDM) matekiniki.
Polybenzimidazole:Polybenzimidazole faibha isfayibha yekugadzira ine yakanyanya kunyungudika.Iyo ine yakasarudzika yekupisa uye kugadzikana kwemakemikari uye haibatike nyore.Yakatanga kuwanikwa neAmerican polymer chemist Carl Shipp Marvel mukutsvaga zvinhu zvitsva zvine kugadzikana kwepamusoro, kuchengetedza kuomarara, kusimba pakupisa kwakanyanya.Nekuda kwekugadzikana kwayo kwepamusoro, Polybenzimidazole inoshandiswa kugadzira zvipfeko zvekudzivirira zvemhando yepamusoro senge giya remudzimi wemoto, masutu emuchadenga, magirovhosi ekudzivirira anopisa tembiricha, zvipfeko zvewelder uye machira emadziro endege.Mumakore achangopfuura, polybenzimidazole yakawana kushandiswa kwayo se membrane mumaseru emafuta.
Polycarbonate:Polycarbonate (PC) thermoplastics inozivikanwa pasi pezviratidzo zvakadai seLexan, Makrolon, Makroclear, uye arcoPlus.Zvinoshandiswa zviri nyore, kuumbwa, uye kugadziridzwa kwekushisa kwezvishandiso zvakawanda, senge zvinhu zvemagetsi, zvekuvakisa, midziyo yekuchengetera data, mota uye zvikamu zvendege, tarisa zvigadziko zveprosthetics, uye kuchengetedza glazing.Polycarbonates haina yakasarudzika resin identification code.Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa kubva ku polycarbonate zvinogona kunge zvine precursor monomer bisphenol A (BPA).
Polyether sulfone:Polyether sulfone (PES) ikirasi yeakanyanya mainjiniya thermoplastics ine yakakwira kupisa, oxidative, uye hydrolytic kugadzikana, uye kumira kwakanaka kune aqueous mineral acids, alkalis, munyu mhinduro, mafuta uye magirisi.
Polyoxymethylene:Polyoxymethylene (POM), inozivikanwawo seacetal, polyacetal uye polyformaldehyde, injinjiniya thermoplastic inoshandiswa mumativi chaiwo inoda kuomarara kwakanyanya, kukweshera kwakaderera, uye kugadzikana kwedimensional.Sezvimwe nemamwe akawanda mapolymers ekugadzira, anogadzirwa nemafemu emakemikari akasiyana ane mafomula akasiyana uye anotengeswa zvakasiyana nemazita akadai saDelrin, Celcon, Ramtal, Duracon, Kepital uye Hostaform.
Polyetherther ketone:Polyether ether ketone(PEEK) imhando isina ruvara organic thermoplastic polymer mumhuri ye polyaryletherketone (PAEK), inoshandiswa mukugadzira engineering.Yakatanga kuunzwa neVictrex PLC, tevere ICI (Imperial Chemical Industries) mukutanga kwema1980.Iine zvinoyevedza zvimiro zvakaita seakanaka abrasion resistance, kushomeka kwemoto uye kubuda kwehutsi nemagasi ane chepfu.
Polyetherimide:Polyetherimide (PEI), inogadzirwa neinoveli nitro displacement reaction inosanganisira bisphenol A, 4, 4'-methylenedianiline uye 3-nitrophthalic anhydride, ine yakanyanya kupisa kupisa tembiricha, tensile simba uye modulus.Iwo anowanzo shandiswa mukushanda kwepamusoro kwemagetsi nemagetsi zvikamu, microwave midziyo, uye pasi-the-hood yemotokari zvikamu.
Polyethylene:Polyethylene (polyethene, polythene, PE) imhuri yezvinhu zvakafanana zvakaiswa muzvikamu zvinoenderana nedensity uye chimiro chemolecular.Inozivikanwawo sepoly uye inowanikwa nekuwedzera polymerization ye ethylene.Inogona kunge iri yepasi density kana High density zvichienderana nekuti nzira inoshandiswa mukugadzira kwayo.Inopesana nehunyoro uye yakawanda yemakemikari.Inochinjika pakudziya kwekamuri.(uye tembiricha yakaderera) uye inogona kuve yakavharwa kupisa.
Polyphenylene oxide:Polyphenylene oxide (PPO), iyo inowanikwa kubva kune-free-radical, nhanho-kukura oxidative coupling polymerization ye2,6-xylenol, ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokwezva zvakadai sekupisa kwakanyanya uye simba rekuita, kugadzikana kwemakemikari kune mineral uye organic acids, uye kunyura kwemvura yakaderera.PPO yakaoma kugadzirisa, uye nekudaro iyo yekutengesa resin (Noryl) inogadzirwa nekusanganisa PPO ine yakakwira-impact polystyrene (HIPS), iyo inoshanda kudzikisa kupisa kwekugadzirisa.
Polyphenylene sulfide:Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) yakawanikwa ne-condensation polymerization ye-p-dichlorobenzene uye sodium sulfide, ine yakanakisa makemikari kuramba, yakanaka magetsi zvivakwa, yakanakisa murazvo wemoto, yakaderera coefficient yekukwesha uye kujeka kwakanyanya kune microwave radiation.PPS inonyanya kushandiswa mukuputira maapplication.Izvi zvinoitwa nekupfapfaidza aqueous slurry yePPS particles uye kudziyisa kusvika kune tembiricha inodarika 370°C.Kunyanya mamakisi ePPS anogona kushandiswa mujekiseni uye kuomesa kuumba patembiricha (300 kusvika 370 ° C) apo PPS zvidimbu zvinopfava uye zvinoonekwa zvinopindirana.Mashandisirwo makuru ejekiseni uye compression yakaumbwa PPS inosanganisira cookware, mabhengi, uye zvikamu zvepombi zvesevhisi munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzinoparadza.
Polypropylene:Polypropylene (PP) inobatsira kune zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana semidziyo yepurasitiki inogona kushandiswa zvakare, microwave- uye midziyo yepurasitiki yakachengeteka, diaper lining, sanitary pad lining uye casing, tambo, makapeti, moldings epurasitiki, pombi masisitimu, mabhatiri emota, insulation yemagetsi. tambo nemasefa emagasi uye zvinwiwa.Mukurapa, inoshandiswa mukurapa hernia uye kugadzira michina yekurapa inodzivirira kupisa.Polypropylene mapepa anoshandiswa kune stationery maforodha uye kurongedza uye akajeka ekuchengetedza mabhini.Polypropylene inotsanangurwa nerecyclable plastic number 5. Kunyange zvazvo inert inert, ine ngozi kune ultraviolet mwaranzi uye inogona kuderera zvakanyanya muchiedza chezuva.Polypropylene haina kusimba-inodzivirira se polyethylenes (HDPE, LDPE).Iyo zvakare inopindika kune yakanyanya kutenderera magasi uye zvinwiwa.
Polystyrene:Polystyrene inogadzirwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzine maitiro akasiyana.Extruded polystyrene (PS) inoshandiswa mukugadzira zvicherwa zvinoraswa, maCD neDVD makesi, modhi dzemotokari nemabhoti epurasitiki, uye dzimba dzekuona utsi.Furo repolystyrene rakawedzerwa (EPS) rinoshandiswa kugadzira simbi nekurongedza zvinhu, senge “nzungu” nefuro rakaumbwa rinoshandiswa kumisa zvigadzirwa zvisina kusimba.Extruded polystyrene foam (XPS), inozivikanwa nezita rekutengeserana Styrofoam, inoshandiswa kugadzira mamodheru ekuvaka nemakapu ekunwira zvinwiwa zvinopisa.Polystyrene copolymers anoshandiswa mukugadzira matoyi uye zvigadzirwa casings.
Polyvinyl chloride:Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) chinhu chakaomarara, chakareruka chinoshingirira kumaasidhi nemabhesi.Yakawanda yacho inoshandiswa neindasitiri yekuvaka, senge vinyl siding, drainpipes, marata uye matenga edenga.Inoshandurwawo kuva mafomu anoshanduka nekuwedzera kweplasticizers, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha kune zvinhu zvakadai sehosi, tubing, magetsi ekudzivirira, majasi, jaketi uye upholstery.Flexible PVC inoshandiswawo muzvigadzirwa zvinoputika, zvakadai semibhedha yemvura uye matoyi emvura.PVC zvakare chinhu chakajairika mune vinyl chiito manhamba, kunyanya munyika dzakaita seJapan, uko zvinyorwa zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune izvo zvinodaidzwa kuti Sofubi manhamba.Sezvo PVC inokotama zviri nyore uye ine katsika kekukotama panguva yekufamba, nzira yeku'gadzirisa' deformation iyi ndeyekupisa plastiki kusvika yave kufamba, wozo'petazve' zvinhu kuti zvipinde panzvimbo chaiyo.
polymer:polymer izita rezita reDuPont remhando dzakasiyana dzepolymer polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), inova yekirasi ye thermoplastics.
Nguva yekutumira: May-01-2018