Polymer adsorption

Adsorption ndiko kunamira kweiyoni kana mamorekuru pamusoro pechimwe chikamu.Adsorption inogona kuitika kuburikidza ne physisorption uye chemisorption.Ioni nemamorekuru anogona kushambadza kune akawanda marudzi enzvimbo zvinosanganisira mapolymer.A polymer imorekuru hombe rinoumbwa neanodzokorora ma subunits akasungwa pamwechete nema covalent bond.Iyo adsorption yeion uye mamorekuru kune polymer nzvimbo inoita basa mune akawanda maapplication anosanganisira: biomedical, dhizaini, uye machira.

Polymernzvimbo dzinosiyana kubva kune dzisiri-polymer nzvimbo pakuti ma subunits anoumba pamusoro akabatana akabatana kune mumwe kune mumwe.Nzvimbo dzisiri-polymer dzinogona kusungwa ne ionic bond, metallic bonds kana intermolecular forces (IMFs).Muchikamu chezvikamu zviviri, nzvimbo dzisiri dzepolymer dzinoumbwa kana huwandu hwakanaka hwesimba hunodiwa kuti uparadze kupindirana kwega uye kugadzira kusazvibata.Nokudaro, simba rekusanganisa rakanaka.Uhu huwandu hwesimba, sekutsanangurwa kwazvinoitwa nekukakavadzana kwemeso, kunosiyana kune akasiyana masanganiswa emidziyo.Nekudaro, nenzvimbo dzepolymer, ma subunits akabatanidzwa pamwe chete uye chikamu chikuru chenzvimbo yakasimba haibvumire kushushikana kwepasi kuyerwa zvakananga.Mapolymecular masimba ari pakati pemamorekuru makuru epolymer anonetsa kuverenga uye haagone kutsanangurwa zviri nyore sekusangana kusiri kwepolymer pamusoro pemamorekuru.[2]Iwo akabatana akasungwa ma subunits anoumba pamusoro ane zvimiro zvakasiyana kana zvichienzaniswa neasiri-polymer nzvimbo.Mimwe mienzaniso yepolymer surfaces inosanganisira: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), naironi, polyethylene (PE), uye polypropylene (PP).Nzvimbo dzepolymer dzakaongororwa pachishandiswa nzira dzakasiyana siyana, dzinosanganisira: kuongorora electron microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, uye infrared spectroscopy.

Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepolymer dzine mativi akasiyana cheni pamamonomers ayo anogona kubhadhariswa nekuda kwekushambadza kana kuparadzaniswa kweadsorbates.Semuyenzaniso, polystyrene sulfonate ine monomers ine negatively charged cheni dzeparutivi izvo zvinogona adsorb positive charged adsorbates.Polystyrene sulfonate ichaita adsorb yakawanda yakanaka chaji adsorbate pane kupomerwa zvakaipa.Sezvineiwo, kune polymer ine zvakanaka chaji cheni dzeparutivi, senge poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), adsorbates anochajiswa zvisina kunaka achakwezvwa zvakasimba.

Structural

Yepamberi polymer composites:Advanced polymer composites anoshandiswa mukusimbisa uye kugadzirisa kwezvivakwa zvekare.Aya macomposites epamberi anogona kugadzirwa uchishandisa nzira dzakawanda dzakasiyana dzinosanganisira prepreg, resin, infusion, filament winding uye pultrusion.Yepamberi polymer macomposites anoshandiswa mune dzakawanda zvimiro zvendege uye musika wavo mukuru uri mune aerospace nekudzivirira.

Fiber yakasimbiswa polymers:Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) inowanzoshandiswa nemainjiniya ehurumende muzvimiro zvavo.FRPs inopindura mutsara-elastically kune axial stress, ichivaita chinhu chikuru chekubata mutoro.MaFRPs anowanzo kuve mukugadzirwa kwelaminate nelamina yega yega ine unidirectional fibers, kazhinji kabhoni kana girazi, yakaiswa mukati mechikamu chechiedza chepolymer matrix zvinhu.MaFRP ane kupokana kukuru kunopesana nekuratidzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kusimba kukuru.

Polytetrafluoroethylene:Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ipolymer inoshandiswa muzvishandiso zvakawanda zvinosanganisira mabhanhire asina-tsvimbo, zvigadzirwa zverunako, uye mafuta ekuzora.PTFE ihydrophobic molecule inoumbwa nekabhoni uye fluorine.Carbon-fluorine bonds inokonzera PTFE kuti ive yakaderera-friction material, inobatsira munzvimbo dzekushisa kwepamusoro uye inopesana nekushungurudzika kwekuputika.Zvivakwa izvi zvinoita kuti PTFE isashande uye ishandiswe muhuwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa.

Polymer adsorption mune porous media:Muviri adsorption uye mechaniki entrapment zvikonzero zviviri zvikuru zvepolymer kuchengetwa mune porous media.Kuchengetwa kwakaderera kwepolymer mudura kwakakosha pakubudirira kwepolymer EOR mashandiro.