Kugadzira Maitiro ePTFE

Tetrafluoroethylene yakatanga kugadzirirwa muna 1933. Ikozvino kushandiswa kwekutengeserana kunobva pane fluorspar, sulfuric acid uye chloroform.

Basic Kugadzira Maitiro ePTFE Polymer:

Iko Kugadzira kwePTFE Polymer / Resin kunoitwa mumatanho maviri.Kutanga, TFE Monomer inowanzo gadzirwa neyakagadzirwa neCalcium Fluoride (Fluorospar), Sulfuric Acid & Chloroform & gare gare polymerisation yeTFE inoitwa mumamiriro akanyatso kudzora kuti aumbe PTFE.Nekuda kwekuvapo kweakagadzikana & akasimba eCF mabhondi, PTFE molecule ine yakatanhamara makemikari inertness, yakakwirira kupisa kupisa & anoshamisa emagetsi ekudzivirira maitiro;kuwedzera kune yakanakisa frictional properties.

Kucheneswa kweTFE:

Pure monomer inodiwa kuti polymerization.Kana tsvina iripo zvinokanganisa chigadzirwa chekupedzisira.Gasi rinotanga kukweshwa kuti ribvise chero hydrochloric acid yobva yadirwa kuti iparadzanise zvimwe zvitsvina.

Polymerization yeTFE:

Tetrafluoroethylene yakachena isina kuvharidzirwa inogona kuita polymerise nechisimba, kunyangwe patembiricha pakutanga iri pasi peiyo tembiricha yemumba.Silver-plated reactor, quarter-filled with solution ine 0,2 parts ammonium persulphate, 1.5 parts borax ne100 parts of water, uye ine pH ye9.2.Reactor yakavharwa;evacuated uye zvikamu makumi matatu zvemonomeri zvakapinzwa mukati. Iyo reactor yakabvongodzwa kweawa imwe pa80 ° C uye mushure mekutonhodza yakapa 86% goho repolymer.PTFE inoitwa zvekutengesa nemaitiro maviri makuru, imwe inotungamira kune inonzi 'granular'. polymer uye yechipiri inotungamira mukupararira kwepolymer yehukuru hwakanyanya kutsetseka uye huremu hwemamorekuru.Imwe nzira yekugadzira iyo yekupedzisira yaisanganisira kushandiswa kwe 0.1°% aqueous disuccinic acid peroxide solution.Maitiro acho akaitwa pakupisa kusvika ku90 ° C.

Dzimwe Nzira:

Kuparara kweTFE pasi pesimba remagetsi arc.Polymerization inoitwa ne emulsion nzira uchishandisa peroxide initiators eg H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide) uye ferrous sulphate.Mune zvimwe zviitiko, okisijeni inoshandiswa sekutanga.

Chimiro uye Zvivakwa zvePTFE:

Iyo kemikari chimiro chePTFE mutsara wepolymer yeC- F2 - C- F2 isina chero bazi & yakasarudzika zvimiro zvePTFE zvine hukama yakasimba & yakagadzikana Carbon - Fluorine bond.

Polytetrafluoroethylene mutsara wepolymer isina kubva kune chero yakakosha huwandu hwebazi.Nepo mamorekuru epolyethylene ari muchimiro che planar zigzag munzvimbo yecrystalline izvi hazvigoneke neiyo yePTFE nekuda kwemaatomu efluorine akakura kupfuura aya ehydrogen.Nekuda kweizvozvo morekuru rinotora zigzag yakamonyoroka nemaatomu efluorine achirongedza zvakasimba mumhepo yakatenderedza kabhoni-carbon skeleton.Kutenderera kwakazara kwe spiral kuchabatanidza pamusoro pe26 maatomu ecarbon ari pasi pe19°C uye 30°C pamusoro payo pave nenzvimbo yekuchinja inosanganisira 1% shanduko yevhoriyamu patembiricha iyi.Iko compact kupindirana kwemaatomu efluorine inotungamira kunemorekuru rekuomarara kukuru uye ndicho chimiro chinotungamira kune yakakwira crystalline kunyungudika uye kupisa kwechimiro chepolymer.

The intermolecular kukwezvana pakati pePTFE mamorekuru idiki kwazvo, iyo computed solubility parameter iri 12.6 (MJ/m3)1/2Iyo polima muhuwandu haina saka ine kuomarara kwepamusoro uye kusimba kwesimba iro rinowanzobatanidzwa nemapolima ane yakanyanya kupfava poindi.Iyo carbon-fluorine bond yakanyatsogadzikana.Kupfuurirazve, apo maatomu maviri efluorine akanamirwa paatomu kabhoni imwe chete pane kudzikiswa kwechisungo cheC-F chinhambwe kubva pa1.42 A kusvika 1.35 A. Somugumisiro simba rebhondi rinogona kunge rakakwira kusvika pa504 kJ/mole.Sezvo chimwe chisungo chiripo chiri chisungo chakatsiga cheC-C, PTFE ine kupisa kwakanyanya kugadzikana, kunyangwe ichipisa pamusoro peiyo crystalline melting point ye327°C.Nekuda kwehupamhi hwekristaro uye kusakwanisa kwekudyidzana kwakananga, hapana zvinonyungudutsa pane tembiricha yekamuri.Pakupisa kunosvika panonyungudika zvimwe zvinwiwa zvine fluorinated seper-fluorinated parafini zvinonyungudutsa polima.

Izvo zvivakwa zvePTFE zvinoenderana nerudzi rwepolymer uye nzira yekugadzirisa.Iyo polymer inogona kusiyana mukukura kwechidimbu uye / kana molecular uremu.Saizi yechikamu inopesvedzera nyaya yekugadziriswa uye huwandu hwevoids muchigadzirwa chakapedzwa ukuwo huremu hwemamorekuru huchizokanganisa crystallinity uye nekudaro zvinhu zvakawanda zvemuviri.Iwo maitiro ekugadzirisa achabatawo zvese zviri zviviri crystallinity uye void content.

Huremu huremu hwema molecular huremu hwekutengesa mapolymers hunoratidzika kunge hwakanyanya kukwirira uye huri muhuwandu 400000 kusvika 9000000. ICI inoshuma kuti zvinhu zvavo zvine huremu hwema molecular muhuwandu hwe500000 kusvika ku5000000 uye muzana yekristallinity yakakura kudarika 94 ~ sekugadzirwa.Zvikamu zvakagadzirwa zvishoma crystalline.Chiyero chekristallini chechigadzirwa chakapedzwa chinoenderana nehuwandu hwekutonhora kubva pakupisa kwekugadzirisa.Kunonoka kutonhora kunotungamira kune yakakwira crystallinity nekukurumidza kutonhora ichipa zvinopesana.Low molecular uremu zvinhu zvichavawo zvakanyanya crystalline.

Zvinocherechedzwa kuti dispersion polymer, iri yehuremu hwakatsetseka uye huremu hwemamorekuru hwakaderera, inopa zvigadzirwa zvine hunyanzvi hwakagadziridzwa kuramba kuchinjika uye zvakare nepamusoro-soro kusimba kwesimba.Aya magadzirirwo anoita seanomuka kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwefiber-senge zvimiro muhuwandu hwepolymer panguva yekugadziriswa.