Nekufambira mberi kwemaindasitiri, kusvibiswa idambudziko rakakura kurudzi rwomunhu.MuGreen drive, kureva kuita kuti nyika ive isina kusvibiswa, tekinoroji yemwaranzi inotora chinzvimbo chakakosha.Mwaranzi yenyukireya yakaita kuti ipinde mumakemikoro akawanda.'Polymerization', 'kubatanidza' uye 'kurapa', zvakakosha-zvese kemikari maitiro mumunda wepolymer, inogona kuenderera kuburikidza nemwaranzi nzira.Iyo tekinoroji yeradiation inosarudzwa kupfuura mamwe echinyakare simba zviwanikwa nekuda kwezvimwe zvikonzero, semuenzaniso maitiro makuru pamwe nemhando yechigadzirwa inogona kudzorwa, kuchengetedza simba pamwe nezviwanikwa, maitiro akachena, otomatiki uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvevanhu etc. Kunze kweizvi, radiation ndiyo zvakare yakanaka sterilizing nzira pamusoro pedzimwe dzakajairwa sterilizing matekiniki.Kupenya kwavo kwemapolymers kunogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana.Muongororo iyi, kutarisisa kwakanangana nezvikamu zvina, kureva biomedical, machira, magetsi uye membrane tekinoroji.
Kubva pazera rematombo nesimbi, tasvika kuzera resimba renyukireya nemapolima.Chokwadi, isu tinogara munyika yemapolymers.Ndokusaka masayendisiti uye tekinoroji vakadana nguva ino se'nguva yepolymeric'.Munhanho yega yega yehupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva, tinosangana nezvinhu, izvo zviri zvibereko zvepolymerresearch.Iko kunogara kuchiwedzera kushandiswa kwemapolymer muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva mumakumi akati wandei emakore apfuura kwagara kuchibvumwa sechikomborero chakasanganiswa nemasainzi uye tekinoroji.Kunyangwe zvakatanga pakati pezana ramakore rapfuura, basa mundima iyi yekemesitiri rave nekukurumidza uye mashandisiro acho anobatsira uye akasiyana-siyana, zvekuti huwandu hwemapolymer masisitimu hwakakura.
Makumi matatu adarika akaonawo kubuda kwemwaranzi yenyukireya sesosi ine simba rekushandisa kemikari kugadzirisa.Saka, inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeindasitiri.Iyo chokwadi chekuti radiation inogona kutanga kuita kwemakemikari kana kuparadza tupukanana zvakakonzera kushandiswa kwakakura kweradiation kune akasiyana maindasitiri maitiro.Nuclear radiation is ionising, iyo pakufamba nemumatter, inopa maion akanaka, maerekitironi emahara, mahara radicals uye mamorekuru anofara.Kutorwa kwema electronsby molecules kunogonawo kupa ma anions.Nekudaro, huwandu hwese hwezvipenyu hwezvipenyu hunove huripo kune chemist yekutamba nayo.
Radiation-based process ine zvakawanda zvakanakira pane dzimwe nzira dzakajairwa.Pamaitirwo ekutanga, mwaranzi inosiyana nekutanga kwemakemikari.Mukugadzirisa radiation, hapana catalyst kana additives inodiwa kuti utange kuita.Kazhinji neiyo radiation tekinoroji, kutorwa kwesimba nethebackbone polymer kunotanga yemahara radical process.Nekutanga kemikari, ma radicals emahara anounzwa nekuora kweanotanga kuita zvidimbu izvo zvino zvinorwisa base polymer inotungamira kune emahara radicals.Sakurada [1] yakaenzanisa kushanda kwemaitiro maviri uye inofungidzirwa kuti nhamba imwechete yekutanga radicals inogadzirwa munguva yeyuniti ine chiyero chemwaranzi ye 1 rad / s kana chemiitiator, semuenzaniso benzoyl peroxide, pahuwandu hwe.01 M inoshandiswa. .Kemikari kutanga inoganhurirwa nekufungisisa uye kuchena kwevanotanga.Nekudaro, kana iri nyaya yekugadziriswa kwemwaranzi, mwero weiyo radiation inogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya uye nekudaro maitiro anogona kudzorwa zvirinani.Kusiyana nemakemikari ekutanga nzira, iyo radiation-induced process hainawo kusvibiswa.Chemicalinitiation kazhinji inounza matambudziko anobva mukupisa kwenzvimbo kwekutanga.Asi mukuita kweradical-induced process, kuumbwa kwenzvimbo dzemahara radical papolymer hakubvi patembiricha asi kunotsamira pakubata kwemwaranzi inopinda nepamusoro-soro nemwaranzi yepolymer, Naizvozvo, kugadzirwa kwemwaranzi ndeye tembiricha yakazvimirira kana, mukati. mamwe mazwi, isu tinogona kuti i zeroactivation simba maitiro ekutanga.
Sezvo pasina catalyst kana additives inodiwa, kuchena kwezvakagadzirwa zvigadzirwa zvinogona kuchengetedzwa.Withradiation processing, ma molecular weights ezvigadzirwa anogona kugadziriswa zviri nani.Radiation matekiniki anewo kugona kwekutangisa mune yakasimba substrates.Zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa zvinogona zvakare kugadziriswa neiyo radiation tekinoroji.
Simba remwaranzi yenyukireya, zvisinei, rinodhura nyangwe richinyatsoshanda mukuunza makemikari.Mari yeyuniti yekuiswa kwemwaranzi simba yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura yeyakajairwa kupisa kana magetsi simba.Zvisinei neizvi, kushandiswa kwesimba remwaranzi yenyukireya kwaratidza hukuru hwayo uye kushanda kwayo mumutengo wakasiyana-siyana wemakemikari kupfuura emamwe marudzi esimba semadota kana simba remagetsi.Nzira dzemwaranzi dzinoshanda zvakanaka maererano nesimba uye zvinoda nzvimbo diki yekumisa.
Kushandiswa kwemwaranzi pamapolymers kunogona kushandiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zveindasitiri, kureva bio-kurapa, machira, magetsi, membrane, simende, machira, zvinhu zverabha, matai nemavhiri, furo, shangu, kudhinda rolls, aerospace uye maindasitiri emishonga.Muongororo iyi, kutarisa kunotariswa zvakanyanya pazvikamu zvina: biomedical, textile, magetsi uye membrane tekinoroji.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-12-2020