Extrusion iCompressive deformation process umo chivharo chesimbi chinosvinwa kuburikidza negonhi kana kufa kuvhura kuitira kuwana kudzikiswa kwedhayamita uye kuwedzera kureba kwesimbi block.Chigadzirwa chinoguma chichava nechinodiwa chemuchinjikwa.Extrusion inosanganisira kuumba axisymmetric zvikamu.Inofa yedenderedzwa pane isiri-yakatenderera muchinjiko-chikamu inoshandiswa kune extrusion.Kazhinji, extrusion inosanganisira makuru ekugadzira masimba.Yakakura hydrostatic stress in extrusion inobatsira mukuita nekusimudzira ductility yezvinhu.Simbi dzakaita sealuminium, dzinoshanda zviri nyore, dzinogona kuburitswa patembiricha yekamuri.
Mhando dze extrusion:
Direct extrusion:Direct extrusion, iyo inonziwo kumberi extrusion, inzira iyo billet inofamba ichienda nenzira yakafanana neiyo gondohwe uye punch.Sliding of billet is against stationary container wall.Kukweshana pakati pegaba nebillet kwakakwira.Somugumisiro, masimba makuru anodiwa.Dummy block yedhayamita yakaderera zvishoma pane iyo dhayamita yebillet inoshandiswa kudzivirira oxidation yebillet mukupisa extrusion.Hollow zvikamu senge machubhu zvinogona kukwidziridzwa nenzira yakananga, nekushandisa hollow billet uye mandrel yakasungirirwa kune dummy block.
Indirect extrusion:Indirect extrusion (backward extrusion) inzira iyo punch inofamba yakapesana neye billet.Pano hapana hukama hwekufamba pakati pegaba uye billet.Nekudaro, pane kushomeka kwekwenya uye nekudaro mauto akaderedzwa anodiwa kune isina kunanga extrusion.Kuti uwedzere zvidimbu zvakasimba, hollow punch inodiwa.Mune hollow extrusion, zvinhu zvinomanikidzwa kuburikidza ne annular space pakati peiyo yakasimba punch nemudziyo.Kusiyana kweextrusion pressure in indirect extrusion inoratidzwa pamusoro apa.Sezvinoonekwa, extrusion pressure ye indirect extrusion yakaderera pane iyo yedirect extrusion.Zvizhinji zvezvikamu zvinogadzirwa nekubatanidza zvakananga uye zvisina kunanga extrusions.Indirect extrusion haigone kushandiswa pakuburitsa marefu marefu.
Hydrostatic extrusion:Mune hydrostatic extrusion mudziyo unozadzwa nemvura.Extrusion pressure inotapurirwa kuburikidza nemvura kusvika kune billet.Kupokana kunobviswa mukuita uku nekuti hapana kusangana pakati pebillet nemadziro emudziyo.Brittle zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzeredzwa nekuita uku.Zvishandiso zvakanyanya brittle zvinogona kuwedzererwa mukamuri yekumanikidza.Kuderedza kukuru kunobvira nenzira iyi.Dzvinyiriro inobatanidzwa mukuita iyi inogona kunge yakakwira se1700 MPa.Kudzvinyirira kunogumira nesimba remudziyo, punch uye kufa zvinhu.Mafuta emiriwo akadai semafuta emuorivhi anoshandiswa.Kazhinji nzira iyi inoitwa pane tembiricha yekamuri.Zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvemuitiro ndezvi: kubuda kwemafuta akamanikidzwa uye kusingadzoreki kumhanya kweextrusion pakubuda, nekuda kwekuburitswa kwesimba rakachengetwa neoiri.Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuvhunduka mumakina.Dambudziko iri rinokundwa nekuita kuti punch ibatane nebillet uye kuderedza huwandu hwemafuta kuburikidza nemvumo shoma pakati pebillet nemudziyo.
Impact extrusion:Hollow zvikamu zvakaita semakapu, midziyo yemazino inogadzirwa nekukanganisa extrusion.Iko mutsauko wekusina kunanga extrusion.Iyo punch inogadzirwa kuti irove slug nekumhanya kwakanyanya nekukanganisa mutoro.Machubhu emadziro madiki akobvu anogona kugadzirwa.Kazhinji simbi dzakaita semhangura, aruminiyamu, mutobvu zvinowedzerwa.
Tube extrusion:Kushandisa hollow billet uye mandrel kumagumo kwegondohwe, maburi zvikamu zvakaita semachubhu anogona kukwidziridzwa kune zviri pedyo kushivirira.Iyo mandrel inokwira kusvika pamusuwo wefa.Kuchena pakati pemandrel uye kufa madziro kunosarudza ukobvu hwemadziro echubhu.Iyo mandrel inoitwa kuti ifambe pamwe negondohwe kuti igadzire machubhu akaomesesa neextrusion.
Inotonhora uye inopisa extrusion:
Cold extrusion inogona kuburitsa zvikamu zvine kunaka kwepamusoro kupedzisa, kusimba kwepamusoro nekuda kwekuomeswa kwekuomesera, kuvandudzwa kwechokwadi, mwero wepamusoro wekugadzira.Nekudaro, iyo maitiro inoda yakanyanya kudzvanywa uye maturusi ari pasi pekunetseka kwakanyanya.Kuzora kwakakodzera kunodiwa kudzivirira kubatwa kwechishandiso uye workpiece.Phosphate coated billets anozorwa nesipo.
Hot extrusion inogona kushandiswa kune yakakwirira extrusion ratios.Inhomogeneous deformation inogona kuitika nekuda kwekufa kwemadziro kutonhora kwebillet.Metal inogona kuwana oxidized.Iyo oxide layer inogona kuwedzera friction pamwe nekuyerera kwezvinhu.Girazi rinoshandiswa semafuta ekupisa extrusion.Molybdenum disulfide kana graphite ndiwo mafuta akasimba anoshandiswa mukupisa extrusion.Canned extrusion uchishandisa matete akakomberedzwa magaba akagadzirwa nemhangura kana tin anowanzo shandiswa extruding zvikuru reactive simbi uye simbi upfu.
Extrusion press:
Hydraulic presses of vertical or horizontal type inoshandiswa kuextrusion.Mitsipa inotsikirira inokwanisa kubva pa3 kusvika pamakumi maviri MN.Michina yekutsikirira inotora nzvimbo shoma, asi mabhiridha anotonhodzwa zvisina tsarukano.Mitsipa yakachinjika inosvika 50 MN simba iri kushandiswa.Tubular extrusions inowanzoitwa mumashina akatwasuka, nepo horizontal presses anoshandiswa kubhara extrusion.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-03-2017